The Linux Kernel Archives The Linux Kernel Archives Welcome to the Linux Kernel Archives. This is the primary site for the Linux kernel source, but it has much more than just kernels. Protocol Location HTTP http://www.kernel.org/pub/ FTP ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/ RSYNC rsync://rsync.kernel.org/pub/ The latest stable version of the Linux kernel is:  2.4.19 2002-08-03 00:40 UTC F V VI Changelog The latest prepatch for the stable Linux kernel tree is:  2.4.20-pre9 2002-10-04 01:34 UTC   V VI Changelog The latest beta version of the Linux kernel is:  2.5.40 2002-10-01 07:19 UTC F V   Changelog The latest prepatch for the beta Linux kernel tree is:  2.5.8-pre3 2002-04-10 01:33 UTC   V VI Changelog The latest 2.2 version of the Linux kernel is:  2.2.22 2002-09-16 16:13 UTC F V VI Changelog The latest prepatch for the 2.2 Linux kernel tree is:  2.2.22-rc3 2002-09-14 14:47 UTC   V VI   The latest 2.0 version of the Linux kernel is:  2.0.39 2001-01-09 21:29 UTC F V VI   The latest prepatch for the 2.0 Linux kernel tree is:  2.0.40-rc6 2002-06-25 18:53 UTC   V VI Changelog The latest -ac patch to the stable Linux kernels is:  2.4.20-pre8-ac3 2002-09-30 20:19 UTC   V     The latest -ac patch to the beta Linux kernels is:  2.5.40-ac2 2002-10-03 15:48 UTC   V     The latest -dj patch to the beta Linux kernels is:  2.5.39-dj2 2002-09-29 23:22 UTC   V   Changelog F = full source, V = view patch, VI = view incremental Changelogs are provided by the kernel authors directly. Please don't write the webmaster about them. Customize the patch viewer Current bandwidth utilization 98.30 Mbit/s Site News linux.kernel.org, our mailing list server, keeps getting listed in the SPEWS RBL due to numerical proximity with an alleged spammer. We have pointed this out to them on several occations, and they usually fix it -- but a couple of weeks later we find the same problem. For obvious reasons, we do not recommend that you use the SPEWS RBL or any site that derive from their information, including relays.osirusoft.com; see this page. Please note that The Kernel Dot Org Organization do not endorse or support spam in any shape, way or form, and certainly do not recognize any sort of "right to spam." Spam is at the very least offensive and more often than not fraudulent, theft of service and invasion of privacy. We appreciate that it's a hard and thankless job to run after spammers, and appreciate the services that well-run RBL services provide. The people at AmNet Computers have been nice enough to replace our internal master server for us. Thanks guys! rsync service has been restored. As previously, we suggest avoiding rsync versions 2.5.0 to 2.5.3, due to large number of observed compatibility problems. kernel.org is now running rsync 2.5.5. Please note that kernel.org uses Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN), as defined in RFC 3168. Some broken firewalls or gateways may have problem connecting to ECN-enabled servers. This page has some information about how to fix some such gateways. We have a new server! The Linux Kernel Archives are now powered by a new Compaq ProLiant DL380 G2 with 900 GB of disk generously provided by Compaq. Many thanks for your support! A number of people have written us reporting that some versions of McAfee's virus-scanning software seems to think that the Linux kernel tar file contains a virus. This seems to be a bug in McAfee; if you observe this, please don't write us about it; rather, please send a detailed bug report to McAfee; they have apparently been unable to reproduce the problem. --> The Linux Kernel Archives Mirror System To improve access for everyone, a number of sites around the world have provided mirrors of this site, which may be faster to use than the master archive itself. Please see http://www.kernel.org/mirrors/ for information about how to connect to a participating mirror site. To guard against Trojan mirror sites, all files originating at the Linux Kernel Archives are cryptographically signed. If you are getting a message that the verification key has expired, please see this link. What is Linux? Linux is a clone of the operating system Unix, written from scratch by Linus Torvalds with assistance from a loosely-knit team of hackers across the Net. It aims towards POSIX and Single UNIX Specification compliance. It has all the features you would expect in a modern fully-fledged Unix, including true multitasking, virtual memory, shared libraries, demand loading, shared copy-on-write executables, proper memory management, and TCP/IP networking. Linux was first developed for 32-bit x86-based PCs (386 or higher). These days it also runs on (at least) the Compaq Alpha AXP, Sun SPARC and UltraSPARC, Motorola 68000, PowerPC, PowerPC64, ARM, Hitachi SuperH, IBM S/390, MIPS, HP PA-RISC, Intel IA-64, DEC VAX, AMD x86-64 and CRIS architectures. Linux is easily portable to most general-purpose 32- or 64-bit architectures as long as they have a paged memory management unit (PMMU) and a port of the GNU C compiler (gcc). New to Linux? If you're new to Linux, you don't want to download the kernel, which is just a component in a working Linux system. Instead, you want what is called a distribution of Linux, which is a complete Linux system. There are numerous distributions available for download on the Internet as well as for purchase from various vendors; some are general-purpose, and some are optimized for specific uses. We currently have mirrors of the Debian and RedHat general-purpose distributions available at mirrors.kernel.org, as well as a small collection of special-purpose distributions at http://www.kernel.org/pub/dist/. Note, however, that most distributions are very large, so unless you have a very fast Internet link you may want to save yourself some hassle and purchase a CD-ROM with a distribution; such CD-ROMs are available from a number of vendors. The Linux Installation HOWTO has more information how to set up your first Linux system. More Information There is much information about Linux on the web. Reporting Linux Kernel bugs Please see http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/lkml/reporting-bugs.html if you want to report a Linux kernel bug. Bug reports sent to the kernel.org administrators will be ignored. Mailing list The Linux kernel is discussed on the linux-kernel mailing list at vger.kernel.org. The FAQ is available at http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/lkml/, please read the FAQ before subscribing. Although there is no official archive site, unofficial archives of the list can be found at: http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel http://www.uwsg.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/ Cryptographic Software Due to U.S. Exports Regulations, all cryptographic software on this site is subject to the following legal notice: This site includes publicly available encryption source code which, together with object code resulting from the compiling of publicly available source code, may be exported from the United States under License Exception "TSU" pursuant to 15 C.F.R. Section 740.13(e). This legal notice applies to cryptographic software only. Please see the Bureau of Export Administration for more information about current U.S. regulations. Continued freedom... The continued freedom to create and use free software is always in danger. Unfortunately, some interests seem to use the tragic events of September 11, 2001 as an excuse for wide-ranging infringement on civil liberties, some of which may threaten the very ability to create free software at all. Please refer to the Electronic Frontier Foundation, Center for Democracy and Technology or the Electronic Privacy Information Center for more information. Comments For comments about the web pages, please send mail to webmaster@kernel.org. For comments about the file archive, please send mail to ftpadmin@kernel.org. Please do not send general Linux questions or bug reports to these addresses. We do not have the resources to reply to them. If your message does not relate to the operation of the Linux Kernel Archives, it will be deleted without action. This site is operated by the Kernel.Org Organization, Inc., an 501(c)6 nonprofit corporation, with support from the following sponsors. Linux is a Registered Trademark of Linus Torvalds. (Legal Notice)